1915
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Year 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday
(link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday[1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar).
- Contents (full)
- 1 Events of 1915
- 2 Births
- 3 Deaths
- 4 Nobel Prizes
- 5 See also - Notes - External links
[edit] Events of 1915
[edit] January
- January - While working as a cook at New York's Sloan Hospital under an assumed name, "Typhoid Mary
" infects 25 people, and is placed in quarantine for life.
- January 1 - Sinking of the battleship HMS Formidable, off Lyme Regis, Dorset, England, by a German U-Boat.
- January 12
- The Rocky Mountain National Park is established by an act of the U.S. Congress.
- United States House of Representatives rejects proposal to give women the right to vote.
- The Rocky Mountain National Park
- January 13 – An earthquake (6.8 in Richter scale) in Avezzano, Italy: more than 12,000 dead.
- January 19
- Georges Claude patents the neon discharge tube for use in advertising.
- German zeppelins bomb the cities of Great Yarmouth and King's Lynn in the United Kingdom for the first time, killing more than 20.
- Georges Claude
- January 21 - Kiwanis International is founded in Detroit, Michigan.
- January 28 - An act of the U.S. Congress designates the United States Coast Guard, begun in 1790, as a military branch.
- January 31 - World War I: Germany uses poison gas against Russians.
[edit] February
- February 8 - The controversial film The Birth of a Nation by D.W. Griffith premieres (Los Angeles, California).
- February 12 - In Washington, DC the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial is put into place.
- February 20 - In San Francisco, CA the Panama-Pacific International Exposition is opened.
[edit] March
- March 3 - NACA, the predecessor of NASA, is founded.
- March 14
- World War I: Off the coast of Chile, the Royal Navy forces the German light cruiser SMS Dresden to scuttle.
- Britain, France and Russia agree to give Constantinople and the Bosporus to Russia in case of victory (the treaty is later nullified by the Bolshevik revolution)
- World War I
- March 18 - World War I: British attack on the Dardanelles fails.
- March 19 - Pluto is photographed for the first time but was not recognized as a planet.
- March 25 - US submarine F-4 sinks off Hawaii: 21 dead.
- March 28 - The first Roman Catholic Liturgy is celebrated by Archbishop John Ireland at the newly consecrated Cathedral of Saint Paul in Saint Paul, Minnesota.
[edit] April
- April 13 - Mexican Revolution - Pancho Villa's attack against Alvaro Obregon's troops in Celaya. Charge of Villa's troops is no match against Obregon's barbed wire and machine guns
- April 22 - World War I: Second Battle of Ypres - German troops introduce poison gas at Ypres, Belgium.
- April 24 - The Ottoman Empire arrests hundreds of Armenian intellectuals. Armenians mark this as the start of the Armenian Genocide and commemorate the anniversary.
- April 25
- April 30 - Australian submarine AE2 sunk in Sea of Marmara.
[edit] May
- May 3 - John McCrae writes In Flanders Fields.
- May 5 - World War I: The Turks begin shelling Anzac Cove from a new position behind their lines.
- May 7 - World War I: The RMS Lusitania is sunk by a German U-boat killing 1,198.
- May 9 - World War I: Second Battle of Artois - German and French forces fight.
- May 17 - The last purely Liberal government in the United Kingdom ends when Prime Minister Herbert Henry Asquith forms an all party coalition.
- May 22 - Quintinshill railway disaster, Scotland, UK: 200 killed.
- May 23 - World War I: Italy joins the Allies after they declare war on Austria-Hungary.
- May 29 - Teófilo Braga becomes president of Portugal.
[edit] June
- June 3 - Troops of Obregon and Villa clash at León: Obregon loses his right arm in grenade attack but Villa is decisively defeated.
- June 9 - U.S. Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan resigns over a disagreement regarding his nation's handling of the RMS Lusitania sinking.
- June 16 - Foundation of the British Women's Institute
[edit] July
- July 7 - An extremely overloaded Great Gorge and International Railway trolley with 157 passengers crashes near Queenston, Ontario resulting in 15 casualties.
- July 24 - The steamer Eastland capsizes in central Chicago, with the loss of 845 lives.
- July 28 - United States occupation of Haiti begins
[edit] August
- August 5 – 23 - Hurricane Two of the 1915 Atlantic hurricane season over Galveston and New Orleans: 275 dead.
- August 6 - World War I: Battle of Sari Bair begins - The Allies mount a diversionary attack timed to coincide with a major Allied landing of reinforcements at Suvla Bay.
- August 16 - The Entente promises the Kingdom of Serbia, should victory be achieved over Austro-Hungary and its allied Central Powers, the territories of Baranja, Srem and Slavonia from the Cisleithanian part of the Dual Monarchy; Bosnia and Herzegovina; and eastern ? of Dalmatia (from the river of Krka to Bar).
- August 17 - Jewish American Leo Frank is lynched for the alleged murder of a 13-year-old girl in Atlanta, Georgia.
- August 31 - Jimmy Lavender of the Chicago Cubs pitches a no hitter against the New York Giants.
[edit] September
- September 6 - The first prototype tank is tested for the British Army for the first time.
- September 7 - Former cartoonist John B. Gruelle is given a patent for his Raggedy Ann doll.
- September 11 - The Pennsylvania Railroad begins electrified commuter rail service between Paoli and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, using overhead AC trolley wires for power. This type of system would later be used in long-distance passenger trains between New York City, Washington, D.C., and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
[edit] October
- October 12 - World War I: British nurse Edith Cavell is executed by a German firing squad for helping Allied soldiers escape from Belgium.
- October 15 - World War I: Austria-Hungary invades Kingdom of Serbia. Bulgaria enters the war, invading Kingdom of Serbia. Retreat of the Serbian First Army towards Greece begins (Serbian campaign (WWI)
- October 19 - US recognizes Mexican government of Venustiano Carranza de facto (not de jure until 1917)
- October 27 - William Morris Hughes becomes 7th Prime Minister of Australia.
[edit] November
- Undated - Sykes-Picot Agreement, a secret understanding between the governments of Britain and France to overtake Middle-Eastern regions of the Ottoman Empire (mostly Syria and Iraq) and establish their own zone of influence.
- November 14 - Vision allegedly encountered by various military personnel in Europe at 22:30 hours, as recounted on the television series One Step Beyond.
- November 25 - The theory of general relativity is formulated.
[edit] December
- December 12 - Chinese president Yuan Shikai declares himself Emperor
- December 26 - Irish Republican Brotherhood Military Council decides to stage a rising on Easter Sunday 1916.
[edit] Undated
- Alfred Wegener proposes the theory of Pangaea.
- Emory College is rechartered as Emory University, and plans to move its main campus from Oxford, Georgia to Atlanta.
- Triangle Film Corporation was founded in the summer of this year
- Lord Beaverbrook buys the Daily Express.
- Automobile speed record of 102.6 m.p.h. set at Sheepshead Bay, N.Y.. by Gil Anderson driving a Stutz.
- The first stop sign appears in Detroit, Michigan.
- Women's suffrage is introduced in Denmark and Iceland.
- Franz Kafka's short novel Die Verwandlung is first published in Germany.
- Eva Gouel, a former lover of Picasso died.
[edit] Ongoing
- World War I (1914-1918).
[edit] Fictional
The following are references to year 1915 in fiction: (unknown).
[edit] Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1915 MCMXV
|
| Ab urbe condita | 2668 |
| Armenian calendar | 1364 ԹՎ ՌՅԿԴ |
| Bahá'í calendar | 71 – 72 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2459 |
| Coptic calendar | 1631 – 1632 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1907 – 1908 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5675 – 5676 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1970 – 1971 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1837 – 1838 |
| - Kali Yuga | 5016 – 5017 |
| Holocene calendar | 11915 |
| Iranian calendar | 1293 – 1294 |
| Islamic calendar | 1333 – 1334 |
| Japanese calendar | Taishō
4
|
| - Imperial Year | Kōki 2575 (皇紀2575年) |
| Julian calendar | 1960 |
| Korean calendar | 4248 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2458 |
[edit] January-February
- January 2 - John Hope Franklin, American historian
- January 3 - Sid Hudson, baseball player
- January 5 - Arthur H. Robinson, American geographer and cartographer (d. 2004)
- January 6 - Don Edwards, American politician
- January 9 - Anita Louise, American actress (d. 1970)
- January 11 - Robert Blair Mayne, British soldier and co-founder of the Special Air Service (d. 1955)
- January 14 - Mark Goodson, American television game show producer (d. 1992)
- January 18 - Santiago Carrillo, Spanish politician
- January 20 - Ghulam Ishaq Khan, President of Pakistan (d. 2006)
- January 23 - Arthur Lewis, British economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
- January 24 - Robert Motherwell, American painter (d. 1991)
- January 29 - John Serry, Sr., American musician, composer, arranger (d. 2003)
- January 30 - Joachim Peiper, German SS officer (d. 1976)
- January 30 - John Profumo, British cabinet minister (d. 2006)
- January 31 - Alan Lomax, American folklorist and musicologist (d. 2002)
- January 31 - Thomas Merton, American monk and author (d. 1968)
- February 1 - Artur London, Czech statesman (d. 1986)
- February 1 - Sir Stanley Matthews, English footballer (d. 2000)
- February 1 - Alicia Rhett, American actress and painter
- February 2 - Khushwant Singh, Indian writer
- February 4 - Sir Norman Wisdom, English comedian, singer, and actor
- February 5 - Robert Hofstadter, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1990)
- February 7 - Teoctist Arăpaşu, Ex-Romanian Orthodox Church Patriarch (d. 2007)
- February 11 - Patrick Leigh Fermor, British author and soldier
- February 14 - Ray Evans, American composer (d. 2007)
- February 16 - Jim O'Hora, American college football coach (d. 2005)
- February 16 - Elisabeth Eybers, South African poet
- February 19 - John Freeman, British politician
- February 23 - Paul Tibbets, American pilot
- February 26 - Preacher Roe, baseball player
- February 28 - Zero Mostel, American film and stage actor (d. 1977)
- February 28 - Peter Medawar, Brazilian-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1987)
[edit] March-April
- March 3 -Wally Cassell, American actor
- March 4 - Carlos Surinach, Spanish composer (d. 1997)
- March 9 - John Edgar "Johnnie" Johnson, English pilot (d. 2001)
- March 10 - Harry Bertoia, Italian artist and designer (d. 1978)
- March 11 - Vijay Hazare, Indian cricketer (d. 2004)
- March 14 - Alexander Brott, Canadian conductor and composer (d. 2005)
- March 17 - Bill Roy